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Early-onset dementia systemic features

Early-onset dementia systemic features
Systemic features Range of diseases
Splenomegaly Niemann-Pick type C, Gaucher
Tendon xanthomas CTX
Paget disease of bone FTD
Renal impairment Fabry disease, Lesch-Nyhan, mitochondrial disease
Liver dysfunction Wilson disease, Gaucher disease, mitochondrial disease
Respiratory failure FTD with MND, mitochondrial disease, anti-NMDAR encephalitis
Gastrointestinal dysfunction Whipple disease
Anemia Vitamin B12 deficiency, neuroacanthocytosis, Wilson disease, alcohol
Urinary incontinence NPH
Skin lesions Systemic vasculitides, Fabry disease
Hyponatremia Limbic encephalitis
Amenorrhea VWM
CTX: cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis; FTD: frontotemporal dementia; MND: motor neuron disease; NMDAR: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; NPH: normal pressure hydrocephalus; VWM: vanishing white matter disease.
Adapted from: 
  1. Rossor MN, Fox NC, Mummery CJ, et al. The diagnosis of young-onset dementia. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9:793.
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