The Ludwig staging system for primary biliary cholangitis
The Ludwig staging system for primary biliary cholangitis
Stage
Definition
1
Portal hepatitis
2
Periportal hepatitis
3
Bridging fibrosis or necrosis
4
Cirrhosis
Source: Ludwig J, Dickson ER, McDonald GS. Staging of chronic nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis (syndrome of primary biliary cirrhosis). Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol 1978; 379:103.
