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Contraindications to fibrinolytic therapy for deep venous thrombosis or acute pulmonary embolism

Contraindications to fibrinolytic therapy for deep venous thrombosis or acute pulmonary embolism
Absolute contraindications
Prior intracranial hemorrhage
Known structural cerebral vascular lesion
Known malignant intracranial neoplasm
Ischemic stroke within three months (excluding stroke within three hours*)
Suspected aortic dissection
Active bleeding or bleeding diathesis (excluding menses)
Significant closed-head trauma or facial trauma within three months
Relative contraindications
History of chronic, severe, poorly controlled hypertension
Severe uncontrolled hypertension on presentation (SBP >180 mmHg or DBP >110 mmHg)
History of ischemic stroke more than three months prior
Traumatic or prolonged (>10 minute) CPR or major surgery less than three weeks
Recent (within two to four weeks) internal bleeding
Noncompressible vascular punctures
Recent invasive procedure
For streptokinase/anistreplase - Prior exposure (more than five days ago) or prior allergic reaction to these agents
Pregnancy
Active peptic ulcer
Pericarditis or pericardial fluid
Current use of anticoagulant (eg, warfarin sodium) that has produced an elevated international normalized ratio (INR) >1.7 or prothrombin time (PT) >15 seconds
Age >75 years
Diabetic retinopathy
SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; CPR: cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
* The American College of Cardiology suggests that select patients with stroke may benefit from thrombolytic therapy within 4.5 hours of the onset of symptoms.
Reproduced with permission from the American College of Chest Physicians. Kearon C, Akl EA, Comerota AJ, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest 2012; 141:e419S. Copyright © 2012.
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