| Country, year | Fasting requirements at time of induction | Comments |
| American Society of Anesthesiologists, 2017[1] | - 2 hours clear liquids, excluding alcohol
- 4 hours breast milk
- 6 hours nonhuman milk, formula, light meal
- 8 hours or more for fatty meal, fried food, meat
| - Healthy patients, not in labor, elective surgery
- Light meal defined as toast or cereal with clear liquid
|
| European Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care[2,3] | Adults: - 2 hours clear liquids
- 6 hours milk, solid food
- Chewing gum and sucking hard candy allowed up until induction
| - Encourage oral fluid up to 2 hours
|
Children: - 1 hour clear liquids
- 3 hours breast milk
- 4 hours formula or nonhuman milk, light breakfast (weak recommendations)
- 6 hours other solid food
| - Encourage oral fluid up until fasting time
|
| Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists[4] | - 1 hour clear fluid (≤3 mL/kg/hour) for infants and children
- 2 hours clear liquids adults
- 3 hours breast milk for infants <6 months
- 4 hours formula for infants <6 months
- 6 hours breast milk, formula, limited solid food for children >6 months and adults
| - Up to 400 mL of clear liquid up to 2 hours prior to induction for adults is likely safe
|
| Association of Anaesthetists in Great Britain and Ireland[5] | - 2 hours clear liquids
- 4 hours breast milk
- 6 hours solid food, formula and cow's milk
| - Gum chewing treated as clear
|
| Canadian Anesthesiologists' Society[6] | - 2 hours clear liquids
- 4 hours breast milk
- 6 hours light meal, infant formula or nonhuman milk
- 8 hours meat, fried or fatty food
| |
| Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine[7] | - 2 hours clear liquids
- 4 hours breast milk and infant formula
- 6 hours solid food and cows milk
- 2 hours chewing gum and any tobacco product
- Up to 1 hour prior to induction, 150 mL of water
| - 2 hours for preoperative carbohydrate drinks intended for preoperative nutrition
|
| German Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care[8] | - 2 hours clear liquids
- 4 hours breast milk and infant formula
- 6 hours meal
| |
| Pediatric societies |
| Joint statement from Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland, European Society for Paediatric Anaesthesiology, L'Association Des Anesthésistes-Réanimateurs Pédiatriques d'Expression Française[9] | - 1 hour clear liquids for children up to 16 years of age
| - Encourage intake of clear liquids
|
| Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society[10] | - 1 hour clear liquids for children
| - Encourage intake of clear liquids
|
| The Society for Paediatric Anaesthesia of New Zealand and Australia[11] | - 1 hour clear liquids for children
| - Encourage intake of clear liquids
|
