| Acute kidney injury (hemodynamically mediated or acute tubular necrosis) |
| Acute interstitial nephritis |
| Nephrotic syndrome (minimal change disease or membranous nephropathy) |
| Hyponatremia |
| Hyperkalemia/type 4 renal tubular acidosis |
| Hypertension/edema |
| Acute papillary necrosis |
| Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis/analgesic nephropathy |
| Uroepithelial malignancy |
