Drug | Daily pediatric dose | Usual maximum daily dose | Main and rare but serious adverse effects |
Amikacin*¶ | - 15 to 20 mg/kg IM or IV adjusted according to serum concentrationsΔ
| | Auditory and vestibular toxic effects, nephrotoxic effects |
Amoxicillin-clavulanate | - 40 mg/kg given twice daily based on the amoxicillin component
| - Dosed on amoxicillin component: Maximum 4 g per day
| GI toxicity |
Bedaquiline | - For children <15 kg: Consult a specialist
- For children 15 to <30 kg: 2 tabs (200 mg) daily for 2 weeks, then 1 tab (100 mg) 3 times/week (with at least 48 hours between doses) for 22 weeks
- For children ≥30 kg: 4 tabs (400 mg) daily for 2 weeks, then 2 tabs (200 mg) 3 times/week (with at least 48 hours between doses) for 22 weeks
| | QT prolongation, neurologic toxicities such as paresthesia, tremor, anxiety, depression, insomnia, tinnitus and blurred vision |
Capreomycin*¶ | | | Ototoxicity, vestibular toxicity, nephrotoxicity, electrolyte disturbances, local pain with IM injections |
Clofazimine (not commercially available in the United States; requires application to FDA Division of Special Pathogen and Immunologic Drug Products; telephone 301-796-1600) | - 2 to 5 mg/kg orally (optimal dose in children is unknown)
| | Red-grey discoloration of skin, eyes, body fluids, GI toxicity, photosensitivity, others |
Cycloserine◊ | - 15 to 20 mg/kg orally in 1 dose or 2 divided doses
| | Psychosis, personality changes, seizures, rash |
Delamanid | - 1 to 6 kg: Consult a specialist
- 7 to 23 kg: 25 mg orally twice daily
- 24 to 34 kg: 50 mg orally twice daily
- >34 kg: 100 mg orally twice daily
| | QT prolongation, neurologic toxicities such as paresthesia, tremor, anxiety, depression, insomnia, tinnitus, and blurred vision |
Ethionamide | - 15 to 20 mg/kg orally in 2 or 3 divided doses
| | GI tract disturbances, hepatotoxic effects, hypersensitivity reactions, hypothyroidism |
Imipenem-cilastatin | | | GI toxicity, seizures |
Isoniazid, high dose | - 15 to 20 mg/kg orally, IM, or IV
| | Hepatitis, peripheral neuropathy (administer with pyridoxine), hypersensitivity, others |
Kanamycin*¶ | - 15 to 30 mg/kg IM or IV adjusted according to serum concentrations
| | Auditory and vestibular toxic effects, nephrotoxic effects |
Levofloxacin¥ | - 15 to 20 mg/kg orally or IV in 2 divided doses¥
| | Theoretical effect on growing cartilage, tendonitis, GI tract disturbances, cardiac disturbances, peripheral neuropathy, rash, headache, restlessness, confusion |
Linezolid | - <16 kg: 15 mg/kg orally or IV once daily
- >16 kg: 10 to 12 mg/kg orally or IV once daily
| | Myelosuppression |
Meropenem‡ | - 20 to 40 mg/kg IV in 3 divided doses; must be given with oral clavulanate (see amoxicillin-clavulanate above)
| | GI toxicity, seizures |
Moxifloxacin¥ | - 10 to 15 mg/kg orally or IV¥
| | Theoretical effect on growing cartilage, tendonitis, GI tract disturbances, cardiac disturbances, peripheral neuropathy, rash, headache, restlessness, confusion |
Para-aminosalicylic acid | - 200 to 300 mg/kg orally in 2 divided doses (some clinical centers give PAS 200 mg/kg as a single daily dose; this could be considered)
| | GI toxicity, hepatotoxicity, hypothyroidism (treat with thyroid replacement) |
Streptomycin*¶ | | | Auditory and vestibular toxic effects, nephrotoxic effects (which must be pre-emptively monitored) and rash |
Thiacetazone† (not available in United States) | | | Stevens-Johnson syndrome in HIV-infected patients, GI intolerance, hepatitis, skin reactions |