| Heat | Cold |
| Acute injury/trauma/hemorrhage | Ischemia |
| Insensate skin | Insensate skin |
| Ischemia | Inability to communicate/respond to pain |
| Edema | Impaired thermal regulation |
| Inability to communicate/respond to pain | Raynaud phenomenon |
| Impaired thermal regulation | Pronounced cold pressor response |
| Malignancy | |
| Cardiac disorders (eg, decompensated heart failure) |
