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ENETS staging system for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

ENETS staging system for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
TNM
T - primary tumor
For any T, add (m) for multiple tumors
TX Primary tumor cannot be assessed
T0 No evidence of primary tumor
T1 Tumor limited to pancreas and size <2 cm
T2 Tumor limited to the pancreas and size 2-4 cm
T3 Tumor limited to the pancreas and size >4 cm or invading duodenum or bile duct
T4 Tumor invading adjacent organs (stomach, spleen, colon, adrenal gland) or the wall of large vessels (celiac axis or superior mesenteric artery)
N - regional lymph nodes
NX Regional lymph node cannot be assessed
N0 No regional lymph node metastasis
N1 Regional lymph node metastasis
M - distant metastases
MX Distant metastasis cannot be assessed
M0 No distant metastases
M1 Distant metastasis
Stage
Disease stages
Stage I T1 N0 M0
Stage IIa T2 N0 M0
Stage IIb T3 N0 M0
Stage IIIa T4 N0 M0
Stage IIIb Any T N1 M0
Stage IV Any T Any N M1
TNM: tumor, nodes, metastasis.
Reference:
  1. Sobin LH, Wittekind C (Eds). TNM classification of malignant tumours. Wiley-Liss, New York, 2002.
Reproduced from: Rindi G, Kloppel H, Alhman H, et al. TNM staging of foregut (neuro)endocrine tumors: a consensus proposal including a grading system. Virchows Arch 2006; 449:395. Copyright © 2006; with kind permission from Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
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