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Supporting and non-supporting features for a diagnosis of multiple system atrophy

Supporting and non-supporting features for a diagnosis of multiple system atrophy
Supporting features
Orofacial dystonia
Disproportionate antecollis
Camptocormia (severe anterior flexion of the spine) and/or Pisa syndrome (severe lateral flexion of the spine)
Contractures of hands or feet
Inspiratory sighs
Severe dysphonia
Severe dysarthria
New or increased snoring
Cold hands and feet
Pathologic laughter or crying
Jerky, myoclonic postural/action tremor
Non-supporting features
Classic pill-rolling rest tremor
Clinically significant neuropathy
Hallucinations not induced by drugs
Onset after age 75 years
Family history of ataxia or parkinsonism
Dementia (on DSM-IV)
White matter lesions suggesting multiple sclerosis
DSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition.
From: Gilman S, Wenning GK, Low PA, et al. Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Neurology 2008; 71:670. DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000324625.00404.15. Copyright © 2008 American Academy of Neurology. Reproduced with permission from Wolters Kluwer Health. Unauthorized reproduction of this material is prohibited.
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