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Clinical features of clonidine poisoning in children

Finding	Children, hospital based* (<10 years of age, percent [n = 180])	Children, Poison Control Center (<19 years of age, percent [n = 33,867^¶])
Central nervous system
Lethargy/coma	87	82 to 90
Miosis	16	3
Hypotonia	12	–
Irritiability	11	2
Hyporeflexia	10	–
Unreactive pupils	60	–
Babinski's sign present	40	–
Mydriasis	4% (2/47)	–
Ataxia/dizziness	–	4
Cardiovascular system
Bradycardia	32	10 to 17
Hypotension	25	9 to 15
Arrhythmia	11	–
Hypertension	7	2
Cardiac arrest	0	<0.01
Respiratory system
Respiratory depression	16	3 to 5
Apnea	7	0.2
Other findings
Pallor	22	–
Hypothermia	17 (8/47)	–
Dry mouth	2	–

* Age-specific definitions of bradycardia, hypotension, and hypertension were used for pediatric findings in the hospital-based pediatric reports.
¶ Data compiled from different poison control center reports with upper age range varying from 12 to 19 years of age.

Adapted from:

Wang GS, Le Lait MC, Heard K. Unintentional pediatric exposures to central alpha-2 agonits reported to the national poison data system. J Pediatr 2014; 164:149.
Klein-Schwartz, W: Trends and toxic effects from pediatric clonidine exposures. Arch Pediatr Adolesc 2002; 156:392-396.
Stein, B, Volans, GN: Dixarit overdose: the problem of attractive tablets. BMJ 1978; 2:667-668.
Wiley, JF II, Wiley, CC, Torrey, SB, Henretig, FM: Clonidine poisoning in young children. J Pediatr 1980; 116:654-658.

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