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Absorption characteristics of selected slow-release formulations of theophylline marketed in the United States

Absorption characteristics of selected slow-release formulations of theophylline marketed in the United States
Formulation Time to peak serum concentration Comments
Theo-24 Variable depending on whether taken in the morning after an overnight fast, after breakfast, or in the evening. Incomplete absorption occurs when taken after an overnight fast; pH-dependent dissolution causes much more rapid (ie, dose-dumping) and complete absorption when taken after food or in the evening.
Generic SR tablets 3 to 7 hours after morning dose when given every 12 hours. Scored tablets can be split without affecting absorption characteristics; complete absorption occurs in the presence or absence of food.
Generic SR capsules 3 to 7 hours after morning dose when given every 12 hours. Can be opened and sprinkled on a spoonful of soft food for children who cannot swallow the capsule; contents must be swallowed without chewing; complete absorption occurs in the presence or absence of food.
Uniphyl 8 to 12 hours after once-daily evening dose. Incomplete absorption occurs when taken after overnight fast; more complete absorption occurs when taken after food or in the evening.
Characteristics_of_theophyl.htm
The times selected for this table represent the times for a reasonable approximation of the peak serum concentration at the dosing interval most commonly used for the product.
Adapted from Weinberger, M, Hendeles, L, N Engl J Med 1996; 334:1380.
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