| Category | Bone mass |
| Normal | A value for BMD within 1.0 SD of the young adult female reference mean (T-score greater than or equal to -1.0 SD). |
| Low bone mass (osteopenia) | A value for BMD more than 1.0 but less than 2.5 SD below the young adult female reference mean (T-score less than -1 and greater than -2.5 SD). |
| Osteoporosis | A value for BMD 2.5 or more SD below the young adult female reference mean (T-score less than or equal to -2.5 SD). |
| Severe (established) osteoporosis | A value for BMD more than 2.5 SD below the young adult female reference mean in the presence of one or more fragility fractures. |
