Narrowing of the left subclavian artery in giant cell arteritis

Angiogram of the left subclavian artery in GCA, showing several areas of severe vascular narrowing but a proliferation of small blood vessels forming excellent collateral circulation. The long, smooth arterial tapering in large vessel GCA is often not amenable to revascularization interventions such as angioplasty or stent placement. Those types of interventions are rarely necessary.