| Preliminary actions |
| Provide educational materials |
| Provide prescriptions for initial medications and equipment |
| Ensure that prescriptions are filled |
| Essentials of diabetes education |
| What is diabetes; location and function of the pancreas |
| Type 1 versus type 2 diabetes – Differences in treatment |
| Diabetes causes |
| Basic management routine |
| Timing of blood glucose monitoring, meals/snacks, and insulin administration |
| Education plan for ongoing learning |
| Diabetes skills |
| Blood glucose testing |
| Importance of testing, recording, timing of blood glucose monitoring |
| Name of blood glucose meter |
| Procedure – Demonstrate fingerstick and alternate site for blood glucose testing |
| Need for serial testing if hypoglycemia is detected |
| Insulin administration |
| Insulin types – Onset, duration, action |
| Storage of insulin and stability after opening vial |
| Procedure – Demonstrate insulin administration (drawing-up and mixing of insulin, rotation of injection sites) |
| Proper disposal of syringes |
| Ketone testing |
| What are ketones and when to test |
| Urine testing for "ketones" (acetoacetate) and/or blood testing for ketones (beta-hydroxybutyrate) |
| Procedure – Demonstrate ketone testing and how to notify diabetes clinician if moderate to large ketones are present |
| Hypoglycemia |
| Sign, symptoms, causes |
| Management of each stage |
| Procedure – Glucagon administration |
| Medical emergency bracelet/necklace to identify the child as having type 1 diabetes |
| Hyperglycemia |
| Signs, symptoms, causes |
| Management |
| Importance of checking for ketones |
| Diabetic ketoacidosis – Signs and symptoms, consequences and need for emergency management |
| Nutritional management |
| Consultation with expert in nutritional management of type 1 diabetes (Registered Dietitian) |
| Importance of consistency and timing of meals, insulin administration, carbohydrate counting |
| Adaptation for daily living |
| School |
| Provide information to guide a care plan at school*¶ |
| Contact school nurse and provide orders for diabetes management at school |
| Sick days – Management of diabetes during intercurrent illnesses¶ |
| Travel – Planning and management of diabetes during travel or other schedule disruptions¶ |
| Social issues |
| Sports and exerciseΔ |
| Psychosocial support |
| Provide information, including useful websites and other resources (eg, American Diabetes Foundation and Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation) |
| Provide consultation with and contact information for professional support (mental health or social work clinician) |
| Follow-up |
| Appointments |
| Follow-up appointment made with diabetes care team, with contact information |
| Referrals:
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