your limit has been reached. plz Donate us to allow your ip full access, Email: sshnevis@outlook.com
Uptodate Reference Title
Diagnostic approach to the prepubertal female with dysuria
Diagnostic approach to the prepubertal female with dysuria
UTI may coexist with noninfectious etiologies. Unless the cause of dysuria is obvious on physical examination (eg, virginal vaginal ulcers, chemical irritation, diaper dermatitis, obvious local trauma, or viral exanthem) a urine specimen for rapid dipstick should be obtained in all patients. Urinalysis and urine culture should also be obtained if the urine dipstick suggests a UTI (refer to UpToDate topics on diagnosis of UTI in children).
PCR: polymerase chain reaction; UTI: urinary tract infection. * Significant injury without a history should raise concern for sexual abuse. Refer to UpToDate topics on the clinical diagnosis of sexual abuse in children and adolescents. ¶ Sexual abuse is an important consideration, and testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis is often warranted. Other important causes include Streptococcus pyogenes infection, nonspecific vaginitis, and vaginal foreign body (eg, toilet paper or other objects). Refer to UpToDate topics on vulvovaginitis in the prepubertal child. Δ In addition to Stevens-Johnson, varicella infection, Behçet syndrome, mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis, and reactive arthritis with urethritis and conjunctivitis, potential causes include Kawasaki disease or other inflammatory disorders (eg, inflammatory bowel disease). Refer to appropriate UpToDate topics. ◊ Refer to UpToDate topics and algorithms on the evaluation of symptomatic microscopic hematuria in children.
