| Disorder | Type of malignancy |
| Chromosomal disorders | |
| Down syndrome | Leukemia, testicular, retinoblastoma |
| Turner syndrome | Neurogenic, gonadal, endometrial |
| Klinefelter syndrome | Leukemia, germ cell tumors |
| Other sex aneuploidy | Retinoblastoma |
| XY gonadal dysgenesis | Gonadoblastoma, dysgerminoma |
| Trisomy 13 | Teratoma, leukemia, neurogenic |
| Trisomy 18 | Neurogenic, Wilms tumor |
| XYY, XYY mosaic | Osteosarcoma, medulloblastoma |
| Other genetic disorders | |
| Xeroderma pigmentosum | Basal, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma |
| Bloom syndrome | Leukemia, lymphoma, gastrointestinal |
| Fanconi anemia | Leukemia, hepatoma, squamous cell carcinoma |
| Ataxia-telangiectasia | Lymphoma, leukemia, Hodgkin disease, brain, gastric, ovarian, other epithelial |
| Neurofibromatosis type 1 | Gliomas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors |
| Tuberous sclerosis | Brain tumors, rhabdomyosarcomas |
| Von Hippel-Lindau disease | Renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma |
