History
|
Age over 65 |
Immunocompromised (eg, HIV, chronic glucocorticoid treatment) |
Alcoholism (risk of hepatitis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis) |
Cardiovascular disease (eg, CAD, PVD, hypertension, atrial fibrillation) |
Major comorbidities (eg, cancer, diverticulosis, gallstones, IBD, pancreatitis, renal failure) |
Prior surgery or recent GI instrumentation (risk of obstruction, perforation) |
Early pregnancy (risk of ectopic pregnancy) |
Pain characteristics
|
Sudden onset |
Maximal at onset |
Pain then subsequent vomiting |
Constant pain of less than two days duration |
Exam findings
|
Tense or rigid abdomen |
Involuntary guarding |
Signs of shock |