Suspected toxin (or similar agent) |
Antidote |
Cyanide |
5 g hydroxocobalamin IV, repeat x 1 (alternative is nitrite/thiosulfate kit) |
Methemoglobinemia |
2 mL/kg 2 percent methylene blue IV over 5 minutes |
Digoxin |
2 to 5 vials digoxin antibody (Fab) fragments IV |
Calcium channel blocker |
20 mL 10 percent calcium chloride IV, repeat x 2; 0.5 to 1 units/kg/hour insulin (and dextrose) IV |
Local anesthetic |
1.5 mL/kg of 20 percent intralipid bolus IV, may repeat several times (alternatively, after bolus infuse 0.25 mL/kg per minute for 30 minutes; maximum dose 10 mL/kg) |
Sodium channel blockade |
100 mL of 7.5 percent to 8.4 percent sodium bicarbonate IV, repeat x 2 |
Cholinergic agent |
2 mg atropine IV , doubled every 3 minutes as needed |
Isoniazid |
5 g pyridoxine over 10 minutes or until seizures stop; remainder over 4 hours |
Chloroquine |
2 mg/kg diazepam IV over 30 minutes |