| Acute alcoholic hepatitis |
| Acute liver failure |
| Acute viral hepatitis |
| Child-Pugh class C cirrhosis |
| Severe chronic hepatitis |
| Severe coagulopathy (prolongation of the prothrombin time >3 seconds despite vitamin K administration; platelet count <50,000/mm3) |
| Severe extrahepatic complications |
| Acute renal failure |
| Cardiomyopathy, heart failure |
| Hypoxemia |
