Syndrome |
Characteristics |
Atlantoaxial destruction and odontoid fracture |
Nuchal or occipital pain that often radiates over the posterior aspect of the skull |
Patients usually present with insidious neurological deficits in one or more extremities |
C7-T1 syndrome |
Pain in the interscapular region caused by tumor invasion of a C7 or T1 vertebra |
T12-L1 syndrome |
Referred pain at the ipsilateral crest or sacroiliac joint caused by tumor invasion of a T12 or L1 vertebra |
Sacral syndrome |
Pain radiating to buttocks, perineum, or posterior thighs |
Intense pain with hip adduction and internal rotation due to stretching of pyriformis muscle |