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Characteristic immunohistochemical staining patterns for undifferentiated neoplasms

Neoplasm	Cytokeratin	EMA	LCA	S-100	Desmin/ vimentin*	OCT 4/ HCG/ AFP/ PLAP*	Chromogranin/ synaptophysin
Carcinoma	+	+	-	S	-	S	S
Melanoma	-, R	-	-	+	+	-	-
Sarcoma	-	S	-	-	+	-	-
Lymphoma	-	-, R	+	-	-	-	-
Neuroendocrine carcinoma	+	+	-	-	-	-	+
Germ cell tumor	-, R	-	-	-	-	+	-

CUP_immunostaining.htm

EMA: epithelial membrane antigen; LCA: leukocyte common antigen; S-100: S-100 protein; HCG: human chorionic gonadotrophin; AFP: alpha-fetoprotein; PLAP: placental leukocyte alkaline phosphatase; +: positive; -: negative; S: sometimes positive; R: rare positive cells.
* Positive for one or more of these markers.

Modified from: Dabbs DJ. Immunohistology of metastatic carcinoma of unknown primary. In: Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry, 2nd ed, Dabbs DJ (Ed), Churchill Livingstone, Pittsburgh 2006. p.180.

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