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Common congenital anomalies in infants of diabetic mothers

Common congenital anomalies in infants of diabetic mothers
System Manifestations
Neurologic Anencephaly with or without herniation of neural elements, arrhinencephaly, microcephaly, holoprosencephaly, neural tube defects (meningomyelocele and other variants).
Cardiovascular Transposition of the great vessels with or without ventricular septal defect (VSD), VSD, coarctation of the aorta with or without VSD or patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, single ventricle, hypoplastic left ventricle, pulmonic stenosis, pulmonary valve atresia, double outlet right ventricle truncus arteriosus.
Gastrointestinal Duodenal atresia, imperforate anus, anorectal atresia, small left colon syndrome, situs inversus.
Genitourinary Ureteral duplication, renal agenesis, hydronephrosis.
Skeletal Caudal regression syndrome (sacral agenesis), hemivertebrae.
Other Single umbilical artery.
Congenital_anomalies_in_IDM.htm
Adapted from Tyrala EE. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1996; 23:221; and Reece EA, Homko CJ. Semin Perinatol 1994; 18:459.
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