Circulatory |
Reduced systemic vascular resistance |
Reduced arterial pressure |
Increased heart rate |
Increased cardiac index |
Increased plasma volume |
Reduced renal blood flow |
Increased portal blood flow |
|
Vascular |
Splanchnic vasodilation |
Renal artery vasoconstriction |
Pulmonary vasodilation |
|
Functional |
Activation of systemic vasodilator factors |
Activation of systemic vasoconstrictor factors |
Activation of renal vasodilator factors |
Reduced glomerular filtration rate |
|
Biochemical |
Sodium retention |
Water retention |
Increased systemic nitric oxide |
Increased systemic prostaglandins |
Increased renal nitric oxide and prostaglandins |
|