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Antiseizure medications

Antiseizure medications
Drug name Tablet/capsule Liquid/syrup Side effects*
Cannabidiol (Epidiolex®)   X Diarrhea, decreased appetite, sleepiness, insomnia, liver problems
Carbamazepine (Tegretol®, Carbatrol®, Oxtellar-XR®) X
(including chewable)
X Diarrhea, rash, serious allergic reaction, low blood sodium levels
Ethosuximide (Zarontin®) X X Trouble sleeping, hyperactivity
Ezogabine (Potiga®) X   Urinary retention, blue skin, eye problems
Gabapentin (Neurontin®) X X Weight gain
Lacosamide (Vimpate®) X   Heart rhythm changes
Lamotrigine (Lamictal® X
(including chewable)
  Rash, with risk of a serious allergic reaction
Levtiracetam (Keppra®) X X Aggressive behavior, irritability
Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal®) X X Rash, serious allergic reaction, low blood sodium levels
Phenobarbital (Luminal®) X X Slowed thinking, rash, hyperactivity and other behavioral changes in children
Phenytoin (Dilantin®, Phenytek®) X
(including chewable)
X Abnormal growth of the gums, increased body hair, rash, swollen lymph nodes (glands)
Pregabalin (Lyrica®) X   Weight gain
Rufinamide (Banzel®) X   Heart rhythm changes
Tiagabine (Gabitril®) X   Tremor, difficulty concentrating, abdominal pain
Topiramate (Topamax®) X
(capsule may be opened and sprinkled on food)
  Weight loss, numbness and tingling in the hands and feet; difficulty thinking clearly
Valproic acid (Depakote®, Depakene®) X
(capsule may be opened and sprinkled on food)
X Weight gain, hair loss, bruising, tremor, liver toxicity
Zonisamide (Zonegran®) X   Weight loss, difficulty thinking clearly
Many of these medications can also cause sedation and/or fatigue, dizziness, double vision, and nausea.
* These side effects occur in some, not most patients.
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