| Syndrome/disease | Responsible gene | Mode of acquisition |
| FAP | APC | Germline (inherited) |
| HNPCC (Lynch syndrome) | MMR genes | |
| hMSH2 | ||
| hMLH1 | ||
| hPMS1 | ||
| hPMS2 | ||
| hMSH3 | ||
| hMSH6 | ||
| EPCAM (epigenetic alteration) | ||
| Sporadic tumor | Tumor suppressor genes | Somatic (acquired) |
| TP53 | ||
| DCC | ||
| APC | ||
| Oncogenes | ||
| MYC | ||
| RAS | ||
| SRC | ||
| HER2 | ||
| MMR genes (epigenetic change) |
