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ECG features of the cardiac diseases detectable at pre-participation screening in young competitive athletes

ECG features of the cardiac diseases detectable at pre-participation screening in young competitive athletes
QTc interval P wave PR interval QRS complex ST interval T wave Arrhythmias
HCM
Normal (Left atrial enlargement) Normal Increased voltages in mid-left precordial leads; abnormal Q waves in inferior and/or lateral leads; (LAD, LBBB); (delta wave) Down-sloping (up-sloping) Inverted in mid-left precordial leads; (giant and negative in the apical variant) (Atrial fibrillation); (PVB); (VT)
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia
Normal Normal Normal Prolonged >110 ms in right precordial leads; epsilon wave in right precordial leads; reduced voltages ≤0.5 mV in frontal leads; (RBBB) (Up-sloping in right precordial leads) Inverted right in precordial leads PVB with an LBBB pattern; (VT with an LBBB pattern)
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Normal (Left atrial enlargement) (Prolonged ≥0.21 s) LBBB Down-sloping (up-sloping) Inverted in inferior and/or lateral leads PVB; (VT)
Long QT syndrome
Prolonged Normal Normal Normal Normal Bifid or biphasic in all leads (PVB); (torsade de pointes)
>440 ms in males
>460 ms in females
Reproduced with permission from: Corrado D, Pelliccia A, Bjornstad HH, et al. Cardiovascular pre-participation screening of young competitive athletes for prevention of sudden death: proposal for a common European protocol. Consensus Statement of the Study Group of Sport Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2005; 26:516. Copyright © 2005 Oxford University Press.
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