| Hyperkalemia |
| Hypercalcemia |
| Hyperthermia |
| Acidosis |
| Effect of catecholamine |
| Activation of ATP-sensitive potassium current |
| Activation of acetylcholine-sensitive potassium current |
| Effects of drugs like digitalis |
| Myocardial ischemia |
| Increased vagal tone |
| Bufatolin (toad extract and antineoplastic, traditional Chinese medicine) |
