| Education |
| Passive – Providing information by CME, journals, books, electronic media |
| Active – Provide answers to questions as they arise ("just-in-time learning") |
| Change the work environment |
| Make it easier to do the right thing |
| Case managers |
| Feedback on performance |
| Practice pattern reports for clinician's use only |
| Public report cards – HEDIS and others |
| Clinical practice guidelines |
| Authoritative, recommendations, tailored to local situation |
| Should include an evidence-based rationale |
| Local opinion leaders |
| Informal, disease-specific network of respected colleagues |
| Persuasion |
| "Academic detailing" methods similar to advertisements |
| Economic incentives/disincentives |
| Capitation, risk contracts |
| Tying compensation to performance |
| Change patients' expectations |
| Popular media, books, patient help hotlines |
| Direct-to-patient marketing |
