| Food products |
| Milk and dairy products (since lactase deficiency may be induced by mucosal injury) |
| Spicy foods |
| Alcohol |
| Caffeine-containing products |
| High fiber and high fat foods |
| Some fruit juices (eg, prune juice, orange juice) |
| Medications |
| Bulk laxatives |
| Stool softeners |
| Promotility drugs (eg, metoclopramide) |
