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Symptoms related to blood loss with postpartum hemorrhage

Symptoms related to blood loss with postpartum hemorrhage
Blood loss, % (mL) Systolic blood pressure, mmHg Signs and symptoms
10 to 15 (500 to 1000) normal and ≥90 Palpitations, lightheadedness, no or mild increase in heart rate
15 to 25 (1000 to 1500) 80 to 90 Weakness, sweating, tachycardia (100 to 120 beats/minute), tachypnea (respiratory rate of 20 to 24)
25 to 35 (1500 to 2000) 70 to 80 Restlessness, confusion, pallor, oliguria, tachycardia (120 to 140 beats/minute), cool and clammy skin
35 to 45 (2000 to 3000) 50 to 70 Lethargy, air hunger, anuria, collapse, tachycardia (>140 beats/minute)
Adapted from: Bonnar J. Massive obstetric haemorrhage. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2000; 14:1.
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