Outcomes | Kidney measures | Other measures |
GFR | Albuminuria | Cause |
Kidney outcomes |
Albuminuria rise | + | +++ | +++ | HBP |
CKD progression (chronic GFR decline) | + | +++ | +++ | HBP, male sex, Black race, younger age |
Acute kidney injury (acute GFR decline) | +++ | ++ | | Age, drug exposure, radiographic contrast |
Kidney failure | +++ | + | +++ | |
Complications |
Drug toxicity | +++ | + | | Drug exposure, liver disease |
Metabolic/endocrine | +++ | + | + | |
CVD and mortality | +++ | +++ | ++ | Age, history of CVD, CVD risk factors |
Other (infection, cognitive impairment, frailty) | ++ | ++ | ++ | Age, comorbid conditions |