| Malignant | | Primary endoluminal malignancy | | Bronchogenic | | Adenoid cystic | | Mucoepidermoid | | Carcinoid | | Plasmacytoma | | Metastatic carcinoma to the airway | | Bronchogenic | | Renal cell | | Breast | | Thyroid | | Colon | | Sarcoma | | Melanoma | | Laryngeal and nasopharyngeal carcinoma | | Esophageal carcinoma | | Mediastinal tumors | | Thymic carcinoma | | Thyroid carcinoma | | Germ cell tumors (eg, teratoma) | | Lymphadenopathy | | Associated with any of the above malignancies | | Lymphoma | | | Nonmalignant | | Benign airway tumors | | Squamous cell papilloma | | Hamartoma | | Lymphadenopathy | | Sarcoidosis | | Infectious (ie, tuberculosis) | | Vascular | | Vascular ring | | Vascular aneurysm | | Cartilage | | Relapsing polychondritis | | Granulation tissue | | Endotracheal tubes | | Tracheostomy tubes | | Airway stents | | Foreign bodies | | Surgical anastomosis (eg, post resection or transplant) | | Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's) | | Rhinoscleroma (klebsiella infection) | | Pseudotumor | | Endobronchial pseudotumor | | Hyperdynamic | | Tracheomalacia | | Bronchomalacia | | Webs | | Idiopathic progressive subglottic stenosis | | Tuberculosis | | Sarcoidosis | | Other | | Goiter | | Mucus plug | | Vocal cord paralysis | | Airway hematoma | | Burn/smoke injury | | Epiglottitis | | Blood clot | | Amyloid | |
