your limit has been reached. plz Donate us to allow your ip full access, Email: sshnevis@outlook.com

Splitting of the second heart sound

Wide splitting of second heart sound (S2) may be due to delayed closure of pulmonic valve as in right bundle branch block, pulmonic stenosis, and atrial septal defect, or to early closure of aortic valve as in mitral regurgitation and ventricular septal defect. In atrial septal defect, splitting is both wide and fixed.

S1: first heart sound; A2: aortic valve closure sound; P2: pulmonic valve closure sound; T1: tricuspid valve closure sound; M1: mitral valve closure sound.

Reprinted with permission from: Shaver JA, Leonard JJ, Leon DF. Auscultation of the Heart. Examination of the Heart, Part 4. American Heart Association, Dallas 1990. Copyright ©1990, American Heart Association, Inc.

Graphic 55198 Version 11.0