| Bilateral disc abnormalities* |
| Increased intracranial pressure |
| Pseudopapilledema |
| Malignant hypertension |
| Diabetic papillopathy |
| Others (hyperviscosity, toxins) |
| Unilateral disc abnormalities* |
| Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy |
| Papillitis, neuroretinitis |
| Sarcoidosis |
| Central retinal vein occlusion |
| Papillophlebitis |
| Malignancy |
| Leber hereditary optic neuropathy |
| Other causes (low intraocular pressure, ocular injury, radiation) |
