| Kawasaki disease | Toxic shock syndrome | Streptococcal scarlet fever | Stevens-Johnson syndrome | Systemic-onset JIA |
Age (years) | Usually <5 | Usually >10 | Usually 2 to 8 | All ages | 2 to 5 |
Fever | Persistent | Usually <10 days | Variable, usually <10 days | Prolonged | Prolonged |
Eyes | Nonexudative conjunctivitis, limbal sparing, anterior uveitis | Conjunctivitis | Normal | Exudative conjunctivitis, keratitis | Normal |
Oral mucosa | Diffuse erythema, "strawberry tongue" | Erythematous | Pharyngitis, "strawberry tongue" | Erythema, ulceration, pseudomembrane formation | Normal |
Peripheral extremities | Erythema of palms and soles, indurative edema, periungual desquamation | Swelling of hands and feet | Flaky desquamation | Normal | Arthritis |
Rash | Erythematous polymorphous; targetoid or purpuric in 20% | Erythroderma | Papular erythroderma Pastia's lines, circumoral palor | Target lesions | Transient, salmon, pink |
Cervical lymph nodes | Nonpurulent swelling | Normal | Painful swelling | Normal | Diffuse adenopathy |
Other | Arthritis | Mental status changes, coagulopathy, shock | Throat culture positive for group A Streptococcus | Arthralgia, associated herpesvirus infection (30 to 75%) | Arthritis, pericarditis |
Characteristic lab results | Systemic inflammation, anemia, transaminitis | Thrombocytopenia | Positive throat culture | Associated herpesvirus infection 30 to 50% | Systemic inflammation, anemia |