Anatomic location/morphology
|
Associated risk
|
Facial, large segmental |
PHACES syndrome (posterior fossa malformations, hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, cardiac defects, eye abnormalities, sternal clefting) |
Nasal tip, ear, large facial (especially with prominent dermal component) |
Permanent scarring, disfigurement |
Periorbital and retrobulbar |
Ocular axis occlusion, astigmatism, amblyopia, tear-duct occlusion |
Segmental "beard area," central neck |
Airway hemangioma |
Perioral |
Ulceration, disfigurement, feeding difficulties |
Segmental overlying lumbosacral spine |
Tethered spinal cord, genitourinary anomalies |
Perineal, axilla, neck, perioral |
Ulceration |
Multiple hemangiomas |
Visceral involvement (especially liver, gastrointestinal tract) |