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Adverse effects of recommended first-line antihypertensive drug classes

Adverse effects of recommended first-line antihypertensive drug classes
Thiazide diuretics
  • Hypokalemia
  • Hyponatremia
  • Hypomagnesemia
  • Hyperuricemia and gout
  • Photosensitization
  • Squamous cell skin cancer
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers
  • Lower extremity edema (not due to hypervolemia)
  • Gingival hyperplasia
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
  • Cough
  • Angioedema
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Fetal injury
  • Worsening kidney function in renal artery stenosis or hypovolemia
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Fetal injury
  • Worsening kidney function in renal artery stenosis or hypovolemia
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