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Most common causative foods in eosinophilic esophagitis

Most common causative foods in eosinophilic esophagitis
Causative foods based upon 6-food avoidance diets and reintroduction
United States
Adult[1,2]
  • Wheat (22 to 60%)
  • Cow's milk (44 to 50%)
  • Hen's egg (5 to 44%)
  • Shellfish (11%)
  • Nuts (peanut, tree nuts) (10 to 11%)
  • Soy (10%)
Pediatric[3-5]
  • Cow's milk (65 to 74%)
  • Hen's egg (17 to 40%)
  • Soy (10 to 38%)
  • Wheat (26 to 37%)
  • Peanut (6%)
Spain
Adult[6]
  • Cow's milk (62%)
  • Wheat (29%)
  • Hen's egg (26%)
  • Legumes (24%)
  • Fish/seafood (19%)
  • Nuts (peanut, tree nuts) (17%)
Australia
Adult[7]
  • Wheat/gluten (43%)
  • Cow's milk (39%)
  • Hen's egg (35%)
Causative foods based upon 4-food avoidance diets and reintroduction
United States
Pediatric[8]
  • Cow's milk (85%)
  • Hen's egg (35%)
  • Wheat (33%)
  • Soy (19%)
Spain
Adult[9]
  • Cow's milk (50%)
  • Hen's egg (36%)
  • Wheat (31%)
  • Legumes (18%)
Causative foods based upon elemental diets and reintroduction
United States
Pediatric[10,11]
  • Cow's milk (70%)
  • Soy (40%)
  • Wheat (20%)
  • Peanut (20%)
  • Hen's egg (10%)
  • Beef (10%)
  • Chicken (9%)
References:
  1. Gonsalves N, Yang GY, Doerfler B, et al. Elimination diet effectively treats eosinophilic esophagitis in adults; food reintroduction identifies causative factors. Gastroenterology 2012; 142:1451.
  2. Wolf WA, Jerath MR, Sperry SL, et al. Dietary elimination therapy is an effective option for adults with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 12:1272.
  3. Spergel JM, Brown-Whitehorn TF, Cianferoni A, et al. Identification of causative foods in children with eosinophilic esophagitis treated with an elimination diet. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 130:461.
  4. Henderson CJ, Abonia JP, King EC, et al. Comparative dietary therapy effectiveness in remission of pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129:1570.
  5. Kagalwalla AF, Shah A, Li BU, et al. Identification of specific foods responsible for inflammation in children with eosinophilic esophagitis successfully treated with empiric elimination diet. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2011; 53:145.
  6. Lucendo AJ, Arias A, Gonzalez-Cervera J, et al. Empiric 6-food elimination diet induced and maintained prolonged remission in patients with adult eosinophilic esophagitis: A prospective study on the food cause of the disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013 131:797.
  7. Philpott H, Nandurkar S, Royce SG, et al. A prospective open clinical trial of a proton pump inhibitor, elimination diety and/or budesonide for eosinophilic oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 43:985.
  8. Kagalwalla AF, Wechsler JB, Amsden K, et al. Efficacy of a 4-food elimination diet for children with eosinophilic esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 15:1698.
  9. Philpott H, Dougherty MK, Reed CC, et al. Systematic review: Adrenal insufficiency secondary to swallowed topical corticosteroids in eosinophilic oesophagitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:1071.
  10. Kelly KJ, Lazenby AJ, Rowe PC, et al. Eosinophilic esophagitis attributed to gastroesophageal reflux: Improvement with an amino acid-based formula. Gastroenterology 1995; 109:1503.
  11. Spergel JM ,Beausoleil JL, Mascarenhas M, Liacouras CA. The use of skin prick tests and patch tests to identify causative foods in eosinophilic esophagitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109:363.
From: Cianferoni A, Shuker M, Brown-Whitehorn T, et al. Food avoidance strategies in eosinophilic oesophagitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 49(3):269-284. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/cea.13360. Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Clinical & Experimental Allergy Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Modified with permission of John Wiley & Sons Inc. This image has been provided by or is owned by Wiley. Further permission is needed before it can be downloaded to PowerPoint, printed, shared or emailed. Please contact Wiley's permissions department either via email: permissions@wiley.com or use the RightsLink service by clicking on the 'Request Permission' link accompanying this article on Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/).
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