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Comparison of pessary types for urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse

Comparison of pessary types for urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse
Pessary name Sizes[1] Mechanism Advantages Disadvantages* Preferred patient Ease of insertion and removal[2]
Prolapse pessaries: Support
Commonly used
Ring Diameter in inches (#3, 4, 5 most commonly used) Support
  • Fits many women
  • Wide range of sizes
  • Commonly available
  • Inexpensive
  • Easy to order
  • May not work for patients with wide genital hiatus
SUI or POP Easy
Less commonly used
Shaatz Diameter in inches Support
  • Concave surface may reduce expulsion
  • Folds minimally
  • May be difficult to insert
POP Easy
Hodge #2 to 4 Support
  • Can be used for prolapse and incontinence
  • Can support large prolapse
  • Challenging for patient to insert
POP Moderate
Gehrung #3 to 5 Support
  • Can be used for prolapse and incontinence
  • Can support large prolapse
  • Challenging for patient to insert
POP Moderate
Prolapse pessaries: Space-filling
Commonly used
Gellhorn 1.5 to 3.5 in diameter (2¼, 2½, 2¾ most commonly used) Space-filling
  • Can support large prolapse
  • Multiple sizes and two stem lengths
  • Must be removed for intercourse
POP Difficult
Donut 1 to 3 inches in diameter Space-filling
  • Helpful for advanced prolapse with levator atrophy
  • Must be removed for intercourse
POP Moderate
Less commonly used
Cube Diagonal in inches Space-filling
  • Highly effective
  • Risk of vaginal side wall erosion
  • Malodorous vaginal discharge
  • Must be removed for intercourse
POP Difficult
Inflatable ball 2.00 to 2.75 inches in diameter Space-filling
  • Easy removal and insertion by patient
  • Device stem protrudes from vagina
  • Must be removed for intercourse
POP Moderate
Spherical 6 sizes, 28 to 44 mm Space-filling
  • Easy removal and insertion by patient
  • Must be removed for intercourse
POP Moderate
Incontinence pessaries
Commonly used
Incontinence ring or dish Sized by diameter Urethral and vaginal support
  • Can be used for prolapse and incontinence
  • Can support large prolapse
  • N/A
SUI with or without POP Easy to moderate
Impressa 1, 2, 3 (small, medium, large) Urethral support
  • Does not require clinician fitting
  • Available for purchase online
  • Need for new device with every use can be costly over the long term
SUI without POP Easy
Less commonly used
Bell-shaped incontinence 3, 4, 5 (small, medium, large) Urethral support
  • Does not require clinician fitting
  • Available for purchase online
  • Higher cost compared with other devices
  • Advised to be replaced yearly
SUI without POP Moderate
Cylindrical intravaginal device N/A Urethral support
  • Does not require clinician fitting
  • Available for purchase online
  • Moderate cost compared with other devices
SUI without POP Moderate
SUI: stress urinary incontinence; POP: pelvic organ prolapse; N/A: not applicable.
* All devices require fitting by a clinician unless otherwise stated.
References:
  1. MILEX Pessary In-Service Training. Cooper Surgical 2014.
  2. Viera AJ, Larkins-Pettigrew M. Practical use of the pessary. Am Fam Physician 2000; 61:2719.
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