(Ai-Aiv) Lung biopsy samples showing positive immunoreactivity for the lymphatic marker, D2-40 (podoplanin; Ai), for the melanocytic marker human melanoma black-45 (HMB-45; Aii) and for the smooth muscle marker smooth muscle actin (SMA; Aiii). Staining for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) is also shown (Aiv).
(Bi-Biv) Proliferation of dilated lymphatics in control bronchi.
- (Bi) Proliferation of dilated, irregularly shaped, and thin-walled vessels was identified in the lamina propria of the bronchial walls whose diameter was 6 mm (H&E, original magnification ×6).
- (Bii) Note that there were no apparent LAM lesions (H&E, ×25).
- (Biii) Immunostaining with anti-podoplanin antibody (D2-40) (×55) and (Biv) anti-VEGFR-3 antibody (×55) revealed the vessels were lined with lymphatic endothelial cells.
(Ai-Aiv) Reprinted with the permission of the American Thoracic Society. Copyright © 2019 American Thoracic Society. Badri KR, Gao L, Hyjek E, et al. Exonic mutations of TSC2/TSC1 are common but not seen in all sporadic pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 187:663-665. The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine is an official journal of the American Thoracic Society.
(Bi-Biv) Reproduced from: Hayashi T, Kumasaka T, Mitani K, et al. Bronchial involvement in advanced stage lymphangioleiomyomatosis: histopathologic and molecular analyses. Hum Pathol 2016; 50:34. Illustration used with the permission of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
