| Dietary |
| Lactose intolerance |
| Fructose intolerance |
| FODMAPS (high FODMAP diet) |
| Gas-producing foods |
| Malabsorption |
| Celiac disease |
| Pancreatic insufficiency |
| Functional |
| Irritable bowel syndrome |
| Functional dyspepsia |
| Functional bloating |
| Constipation |
| Dysmotility |
| Diabetes |
| Scleroderma |
| Pseudo-obstruction: acute or chronic |
| Gastroparesis |
| Acute adynamic ileus |
| Medications |
| Intestinal obstruction |
| Gastric outlet obstruction |
| Small bowel obstruction |
| SMA syndrome |
| Colonic obstruction |
| Volvulus |
| Malignancy |
| Gastrointestinal |
| Ovarian |
| Ascites |
| Surgical |
| Fundoplication: gas-bloat |
| Gastric-banding surgery |
| Infections |
| Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth |
| Parasite (giardia) |
| Physiologic |
| Pregnancy |
| Obesity/adiposity |
