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Uptodate Reference Title
Preventive interventions for HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings
Preventive interventions for HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings
This algorithm reflects WHO recommendations for antiretroviral initiation and prophylactic interventions for patients with HIV infection in resource-limited settings.[1,2] Other general preventive measures, such as deworming and nutritional supplementation, are not covered here. Refer to other UpToDate content for details.
TB: tuberculosis; ART: antiretroviral therapy; TMP-SMX: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (cotrimoxazole); WHO: World Health Organization; INH: isoniazid. * WHO also recommends consideration of pre-ART cryptococcal screening and preemptive therapy for patients with CD4 cell count ≥100 but <200 cells/microL. ¶ For more details of evaluating for and treating cryptococcal meningitis, refer to other UpToDate content on treatment and prevention of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with HIV infection. Δ Refer to other UpToDate content about WHO-recommended ART regimens. ◊ WHO clinical stage 3 or 4 disease includes unexplained weight loss, chronic diarrhea, persistent cytopenias or persistent fever; persistent oral or esophageal candidiasis; severe bacterial infections; and opportunistic infections or conditions. Refer to other UpToDate content for details. § A fixed-dose combination tablet of TMP-SMX, isoniazid, and pyridoxine is available in some locations.
