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Causes of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in different age groups

Causes of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in different age groups
Schematic diagram showing the main causes of PAP in different age groups. Note that the size of each row is not proportionate to the relative frequency. Autoimmune PAP represents approximately 90% of cases overall but is less common in children.
SFTPB: surfactant pulmonary-associated protein B gene; SFTPC: surfactant pulmonary-associated protein C gene; ABCA3: ATP binding-cassette subfamily A member 3 gene; TTF1: transcription termination factor RNA polymerase 1 gene; GM-CSF: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; GATA2: GATA-binding protein 2 gene; PAP: pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
​Reproduced with permission from Pediatrics, Vol. 140, Page e20170610. Copyright © 2017 by the AAP.
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