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Opioid medicines commonly used to treat short-term pain

Opioid medicines commonly used to treat short-term pain
Generic name Sample brand names Forms
Oxycodone (alone, with acetaminophen, or with ibuprofen)
  • Roxicodone
  • Percocet (with acetaminophen)
  • Pills
  • Liquids
Hydrocodone (with acetaminophen or ibuprofen)
  • Lorcet, Lortab, Norco, Vicodin (with acetaminophen)
  • Vicoprofen (with ibuprofen)
  • Pills
  • Liquids
Hydromorphone
  • Dilaudid
  • Pills
  • Liquids
  • Shots
  • Suppositories (small amounts of medicine that go into the rectum)
Tramadol (alone or with acetaminophen)
  • Ultram
  • Ultracet (with acetaminophen)
  • Pills
Codeine (alone or with acetaminophen)
  • Tylenol with codeine no. 3 (with acetaminophen)
  • Pills
  • Liquids
  • These are some of the opioid medicines doctors prescribe to treat acute pain. "Acute" means pain that needs treatment for a few days, such as after surgery or an injury. There are other opioids, too, as well as other forms. But those are used more often for treating pain in people with long-term conditions like cancer.
  • When opioid pills are prescribed for short-term pain, they come in the form of "immediate-release" pills. This type of pill works fast to relieve pain. Some opioids also come as "extended-release" pills. These release medicine into the body more slowly over time. Extended-release pills are not usually prescribed to treat short-term pain.
  • For more detailed information about your medicines, ask your doctor or nurse for the patient handout from Lexicomp available through UpToDate. It explains how to use each medicine, describes its possible side effects, and lists other medicines or foods that can affect how it works.
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