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Pharmacokinetic properties of benzylisoquinolinium nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents in infants, children, and adults*

	Atracurium				Cisatracurium
	Infant	Child	Adult	Elderly	Infant	Child	Adult	Elderly
ED₉₅ (mg/kg)	0.16 to 0.20	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.05
V_D (L/kg)	0.21	0.13	0.14	0.18	NA	0.21 to 0.35	0.12 to 0.26	0.14 to 0.26
t_½-Beta (minutes)	14 to 20	14 to 20	21	22	NA	21 to 23	23 to 30	21 to 29
Onset time (minutes)	2 to 3	2 to 3	3 to 5	3 to 5	2.5	2.5	4 to 7	5 to 7
Dosing interval (minutes)	22 to 29	28	30 to 45	30 to 45	42	36	35 to 50	35 to 50

Onset times and dosing intervals are averages for a 2 × ED₉₅ dose. Infant: 0 to 1 year; Child: 1 to 18 years; Adult: 18 to 65 years; Elderly: >65 years.

ED₉₅: effective dose required to achieve 95% depression in evoked twitch response; V_D: volume of distribution; t_½-Beta: elimination half-life; NA: data not available.
* The data are averages obtained from published literature and do not account for other influences such as volatile anesthetics, organ dysfunction, etc.

Adapted from: Brull SJ. Neuromuscular blocking agents. In: Clinical Anesthesia, 8th ed, Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK, et al (Eds), Wolters Kluwer 2017. p.527.

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