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Preoperative physical examination for pediatric anesthesia
Preoperative physical examination for pediatric anesthesia
General exam
Obesity
Airway exam
Mouth opening
Thyromental distance
Mandibular or maxillary hypoplasia
Cervical range of motion
Presence of loose teeth
Large tongue (macroglossia)
Mallampati classification
Young children may not cooperate to assess Mallampati
Cardiac exam
Murmurs
Arrhythmias
Pulmonary exam
Respiratory rate and depth
Auscultation
Wheezes
Rales
Neuromuscular exam
Strength
Tone
Hypotonia
Hypertonia
Range of motion
Appropriate developmental milestones
Skin
Skin fragility or sensitivity
Predicted ease of venous access
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