Introduction — This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.
The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.
Links to related guidelines are provided separately. (See "Society guideline links: Anemia in adults" and "Society guideline links: Infections in asplenic patients".)
International
●Thalassaemia International Federation (TIF): Guidelines for the management of transfusion dependent thalassaemia (TDT), 4th edition (2021)
●International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine (ICTM): Red blood cell specifications for patients with hemoglobinopathies – A systematic review and guideline (2018)
●TIF: Guidelines for the management of non transfusion dependent thalassaemias (NTDT), 2nd edition (2017)
●European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT): Guideline article for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia major and sickle cell disease − Indications and management recommendations from an international expert panel (2014)
●International Council for the Standardisation of Haematology (ICSH): Recommendations for the measurement of haemoglobin A2 (2011)
●ICSH: Recommendations for the measurement of haemoglobin F (2011)
Canada
●Anemia Institute for Research & Education (AIRE) and Thalassemia Foundation of Canada (TFC): Guidelines for the clinical care of patients with thalassemia in Canada (2009)
United States
●American Society of Hematology (ASH): Guidelines for sickle cell disease – Stem cell transplantation (2021)
●ASH: Guidelines for sickle cell disease – Management of acute and chronic pain (2020)
●ASH: Guidelines for sickle cell disease – Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebrovascular disease in children and adults (2020)
●ASH: Guidelines for sickle cell disease – Transfusion support (2020)
●ASH: Guidelines for sickle cell disease – Cardiopulmonary and kidney disease (2019)
●American Thoracic Society (ATS): An official clinical practice guideline on home oxygen therapy for children (2019)
●Choosing Wisely: Do not continue simple transfusions in patients with stroke from sickle cell disease who have iron overload, if red blood cell exchange is available (2018)
●Choosing Wisely: Do not repeat hemoglobin electrophoresis (or equivalent) in patients who have a prior result and who do not require therapeutic intervention or monitoring of hemoglobin variant levels (2017)
●Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Hemoglobinopathies − Current practices for screening, confirmation and follow-up (2015)
●Thalassemia Clinical Research Network (TCRN): Guidelines for the standard monitoring of patients with thalassemia – Report of the Thalassemia Longitudinal Cohort (2015)
●ATS: An official clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of pulmonary hypertension of sickle cell disease (2014)
●Choosing Wisely: Don't routinely transfuse patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) for chronic anemia or uncomplicated pain crisis without an appropriate clinical indication (2014)
●National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI): Evidence-based management of sickle cell disease − Expert panel report (2014)
●American Heart Association (AHA): Consensus statement on cardiovascular function and treatment in beta-thalassemia major (2013)
●American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (ASBMT): Guidelines for recommended screening and preventive practices for long-term survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation (2012)
●Children's Hospital and Research Center Oakland: Standards of care guidelines for thalassemia (2012)
Europe
●European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT): Guideline article for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in thalassemia major and sickle cell disease − Indications and management recommendations from an international expert panel (2014)
Italy
●Italian Society of Hematology (SIE): Practice guidelines for the management of iron overload in thalassemia major and related disorders (2008)
United Kingdom
●Public Health England (PHE): Sickle cell and thalassaemia screening – Commission and provide
●Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (AAGBI): Guideline on the peri-operative management of patients with sickle cell disease (2021)
●British Society for Haematology (BSH): Guideline for management of sickle cell disease in pregnancy (2021)
●BSH: Position paper on International Collaboration for Transfusion Medicine (ICTM) guideline 'Red blood cell specifications for patients with hemoglobinopathies − A systematic review and guideline' (2020)
●BSH: Guidelines for the use of hydroxycarbamide in children and adults with sickle cell disease (2018)
●BSH: Guidelines on red cell transfusion in sickle cell disease − Part I: Principles and laboratory aspects (2016)
●BSH: Guidelines on red cell transfusion in sickle cell disease − Part II: Indications for transfusion (2016)
●National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE): Medical technologies guidance on Spectra Optia for automatic red blood cell exchange in patients with sickle cell disease (2016)
●BSH: Guideline on the management of acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease (2015)
●NICE: Quality standard on sickle cell disease (2014)
●Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG): Green-top guideline for the management of thalassaemia beta in pregnancy (2014)
●NICE: Clinical guideline on sickle cell disease − Managing acute painful episodes in hospital (2012)
●BSH: Significant haemoglobinopathies − Guidelines for screening and diagnosis (2010)
