| Classification | Disorder |
| Hypovolemic |
| Hemorrhage | - Fetomaternal hemorrhage
- Severe bleeding (eg, subgaleal hemorrhage, umbilical cord rupture, internal bleeding)
- Twin-twin transfusion
|
| Non-hemorrhage | - Third spacing from acute intestinal injury (eg, volvulus, necrotizing enterocolitis)
- Gastrointestinal fluid loss from congenital chloridorrhea
- Polyuria due to congenital diabetes insipidus
|
| Distributive |
| Sepsis | |
| Non-sepsis | - Adrenal insufficiency
- Hydrops fetalis
- Neonatal toxic shock syndrome
|
| Cardiogenic |
| Cardiomyopathic | - Myocardial ischemia/hypoxemia
- Myocarditis
- Congenital cardiomyopathy
|
| Arrhythmogenic | - Congenital complete heart block
- Tachyarrhythmia (eg, SVT, VT)
|
| Structural | Congenital heart disease: - Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
- Critical aortic stenosis
- Critical coarctation of the aorta
- Interrupted aortic arch
- Obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
|
| Obstructive |
| Pulmonary vascular | - Severe pulmonary hypertension
- Pulmonary embolus
|
| Mechanical | - Tension pneumothorax
- Pericardial tamponade
- Constrictive pericarditis
|
