Introduction — This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.
The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.
Links to related guidelines are provided separately. (See "Society guideline links: Clostridioides difficile infection" and "Society guideline links: Acute diarrhea in adults" and "Society guideline links: Pediatric malnutrition" and "Society guideline links: Nausea and vomiting" and "Society guideline links: Fluid and electrolyte disorders in children".)
International
●World Health Organization (WHO): Acute diarrhoeal disease in complex emergencies – Critical steps (2018)
●World Gastroenterology Organisation (WGO): Guideline for acute diarrhea in adults and children – A global perspective (2012)
●WHO: Recommendations on the management of diarrhoea and pneumonia in HIV-infected infants and children (2010)
●WHO: First steps for managing an outbreak of acute diarrhoea (2010)
●WHO: Guidelines for the control of shigellosis, including epidemics due to Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (2005)
●WHO: The treatment of diarrhoea – A manual for physicians and other senior health workers, 4th revision (2005)
Canada
●Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC): Canadian Immunization Guide
•Cholera and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) travellers' diarrhea vaccine (2017)
•Rotavirus vaccine (2016)
●Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS): Position statement on the recommendations for the use of rotavirus vaccines in infants (2017, updated 2018)
●CPS: Practice point on Salmonella infections in Canadian children (2018)
●National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI): An Advisory Committee Statement (ACS) on rotavirus vaccines and intussusception, update (2016)
United States
●Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP): Recommended child and adolescent immunization schedule for ages 18 years or younger, United States (2022)
●American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP): Red Book (2021)
•Campylobacter infections
•Cholera (Vibrio cholerae)
•Cyclosporiasis
•Escherichia coli diarrhea (including hemolytic-uremic syndrome)
•Giardia duodenalis (formerly Giardia lamblia and Giardia intestinalis) infections (giardiasis)
•Norovirus and sapovirus infections
•Rotavirus infections
•Salmonella infections
•Shigella infections
•Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections
●Choosing Wisely: Do not order a comprehensive stool ova and parasite (O&P) microscopic exam on patients presenting with diarrhea less than seven days’ duration who have no immunodeficiency or no history of living in or traveling to endemic areas where gastrointestinal parasitic infections are prevalent. If symptoms of infectious diarrhea persist for seven days or longer, start with molecular or antigen testing and next consider a full O&P microscopic exam if other testing is negative (2020)
●American Society of Transplantation (AST): Guidelines on intestinal parasites including Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, Giardia, and microsporidia, Entamoeba histolytica, Strongyloides, schistosomiasis, and echinococcus (2019)
●Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Guidelines for the management of acute diarrhea after a disaster (2019)
●CDC: Yellow Book 2020 – Health Information for International Travel (published 2019)
•Campylobacteriosis
•Cholera
•Cryptosporidiosis
•Cyclosporiasis
•Escherichia coli, diarrheagenic
•Giardiasis
•Norovirus
•Salmonellosis (nontyphoidal)
•Shigellosis
•Travelers' diarrhea
•Typhoid and paratyphoid fever
•Yersiniosis
●Choosing Wisely: Do not routinely test for community gastrointestinal stool pathogens in hospitalized patients who develop diarrhea after day 3 of hospitalization (2019)
●Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA): Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of infectious diarrhea (2017)
●CDC: Updated norovirus outbreak management and disease prevention guidelines (2011)
●CDC: Guideline for the prevention and control of norovirus gastroenteritis outbreaks in healthcare settings (2011)
●American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE): Guideline for the role of endoscopy in the management of patients with diarrhea (2010)
●ACIP: Prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis among infants and children recommendations (2009)
●CDC: Managing acute gastroenteritis among children – Oral rehydration, maintenance, and nutritional therapy (2003)
Europe
●European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN)/European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (ESPID): Evidence-based guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis in children in Europe, update (2014)
●ESPID/ESPGHAN: Consensus recommendations for rotavirus vaccination in Europe, update (2014)
United Kingdom
●UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA): The Green Book
•Rotavirus (2013, updated 2015)
•Cholera (2013)
●Norovirus Working Party: Guidelines for the management of norovirus outbreaks in acute and community health and social care settings (2012)
●NICE: Clinical guideline on diarrhoea and vomiting caused by gastroenteritis in under 5s – Diagnosis and management (2009)
Australia-New Zealand
●Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI): The Australian Immunisation Handbook
•Rotavirus (2022)
•Cholera (2021)
●Choosing Wisely Australia: Do not investigate or treat for faecal pathogens in the absence of diarrhoea or other gastro-intestinal symptoms (2016)
●Health for Kids Guideline Development Group: Evidence based guideline for the management of diarrhoea with or without vomiting in children (2008)
