Introduction — This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.
The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.
Links to related guidelines are provided separately. (See "Society guideline links: Hyponatremia".)
International
●Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO): Clinical practice guideline update for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) (2017)
●Endocrine Society (ES): Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of primary adrenal insufficiency (2016)
●International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM): A consensus statement for the prevention and treatment of protein energy wasting in chronic kidney disease patients (2013)
●KDIGO: Clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury (2012)
United States
●Choosing Wisely: Don't recommend "detoxification" through colon cleansing or promoting sweating for disease treatment or prevention (2015)
●Choosing Wisely: Don't routinely measure 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D unless the patient has hypercalcemia or decreased kidney function (2013)
●Choosing Wisely: Avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) in individuals with hypertension or heart failure or CKD of all causes, including diabetes (2012)
Europe
●European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN): Guideline on clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics (2019)
●European Society of Endocrinology (ESE), European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), European Renal Association–European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA–EDTA): Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia (2014)
●ERA–EDTA: Recommendations for the management of crush victims in mass disasters (2012)
●European Renal Best Practice (ERBP): Position statement on the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) clinical practice guidelines on acute kidney injury ─ Renal replacement therapy (2012)
●ESICM: Expert panel for the prevention of acute kidney injury and protection of renal function in the intensive care unit (2009)
United Kingdom
●National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE): Clinical guideline on chronic kidney disease – Assessment and management (2021)
●The Renal Association (RA): Clinical practice guideline – Acute kidney injury (AKI) (2019)
●RA: Clinical practice guideline – Undernutrition in chronic kidney disease (2019)
●NICE: Clinical guideline for intravenous fluid therapy in adults in hospital (2013, updated 2017)
●RA and the Royal College of Anaesthetists (RCoA): Guideline for the perioperative management of people with inherited salt-wasting alkaloses (Gitelman's syndrome and Bartter's syndrome) undergoing non-urgent surgical procedures (2015)
●NICE: Quality standard on acute kidney injury (2014)
●NICE: Quality standard for intravenous fluid therapy for adults in hospital (2014)
●NICE: Clinical guideline on acute kidney injury – Prevention, detection and management (2013)
●British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (BAPEN), the Association for Clinical Biochemistry (ACB), the Association of Surgeons of Great Britain and Ireland (ASGBI), Society of Academic and Research Surgery (SARS), RA, and the Intensive Care Society (ICS): British consensus guidelines on intravenous fluid therapy for adult surgical patients (2011)
Australia-New Zealand
●Kidney Health Australia-Caring for Australians with Renal Impairment (KHA-CARI): Adaptation of the KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury (2014)
Japan
●[In English] Japanese Society of Gout and Nucleic Acid Metabolism (JSGNAM): Clinical practice guideline for renal hypouricemia, 1st edition (2019)
●[In Japanese] JSGNAM: Clinical guidelines for renal hypouricemia (2017)
●[In Japanese] Japanese Society of Nephrology (JSN): Clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury (AKI) (2016)
●[In English] Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT): Standard on microbiological management of fluids for hemodialysis and related therapies, 2008 (published 2009)
